Sexual health concerns vary somewhat depending on the gender of the person, but some things apply to both men and women. The standards of “know your partner” and “avoid unprotected sex” still apply, even if both partners are healthy.
Women, however have some unique sexual health concerns which should be addressed. First is vaginitis, which is any irritation or inflammation of the vagina. This irritation can be caused by allergies, infections caused by bacteria or yeast, vaginal irritants such as tampons or women’s products, lack of estrogen or intercourse.
Other sexual health concerns in both men and women are caused by trichomoniasis. This is manifested by microscopic parasitic invasion of the vagina and cervix in women, while men sometimes have urinary tract symptoms, but most have no symptoms. Women usually will have a smelly discharge and itching or irritation.
Urinary tract infections are also sexual health concerns particularly for women, since the urethra is shorter in women and it is thus easier for the infection to move up the urethra. While uncomfortable for either men or women, and treatable for either, it is particularly important for men to get prompt diagnosis and treatment for urinary tract infections. Treatment usually takes the form of antibiotics specific to the type of bacteria involved. Once a person has developed a urinary tract infection, it will tend to recur. Women who are post-menopausal, newly sexually active or diabetic are more likely to develop urinary tract infections.
Genital herpes is one of the primary sexual health concerns for both men and women. Genital herpes or herpes type 2 is a sexually transmitted disease, almost always spread by an infected partner. The symptoms usually include a blister or sore on the penis, vagina or around the anus. There may be discharge, swelling or tenderness in the groin. The sores scab over after several days until the next outbreak. Once contracted, genital herpes stays with the person for life. There is no known cure, although symptoms can be relieved by the use of medications.
Men will usually notice the symptoms since they are more likely to be external, but women will not always do so. The outbreak in women will often be more severe. After the initial outbreak, subsequent outbreaks can be shortened by immediate treatment. The warning signs include tenderness around where the sore will develop, sometimes with a tingling in the area.
Dealing with issues that cause sexual health concerns in any case should be prompt and complete, particularly when taking a course of antibiotics.